Light 

The pistachio tree needs full sun (a minimum of eight hours daily) and thrives in hot, arid climates. 

Soil 

Though the pistachio tree will grow in almost any soil type, it does best in light, sandy, loamy soils that are well-draining. Wet, heavy soil is not an option for these trees. Because of their long taproots, it is important that the soil reaches deep into the ground. 

Water 

The pistachio tree is very drought-tolerant and prefers arid landscapes. However, do not allow this reputation to think it gives you an excuse to deprive your pistachio tree of water. They still require plenty of water to produce an abundant nut harvest.

Your tree will appreciate deep, infrequent waterings, allowing the water to saturate the soil. In the heat of summer, extra water is appreciated. Allow the water to drain before watering again; the pistachio does not do well in soggy soil or standing water. For large orchards, many people use irrigation systems. 

Temperature and Humidity 

These trees like it hot—at least in the summer. Optimal temperatures for the pistachio tree hover at around 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Despite loving such hot temperatures, it does require some winter cold (between 32 and 45 degrees Fahrenheit) for at least 900 cumulative hours in order to initiate new leaf and bud production. However, pistachio trees can't tolerate frozen ground. This very particular temperature requirement—very hot summers with cool winters—means that pistachio is suitable for a relatively small region of the U.S.

Unlike tropical plants that like hot temperatures and humidity, the pistachio tree does not like too much moisture. It does not do well in humid climates.

Fertilizer 

Before adding any fertilizer, it is important to know what your soil may lack by having a soil test done. If it is lacking in nitrogen, phosphorous, or potassium, you can tailor the fertilization to fit the nutrient needs of your tree.

It is best to apply the fertilizer in the late winter to early spring to help produce a good harvest.