• 2022-12-30

Litchi Cultivation

The basic information

1.  Temperature

The economic cultivation area of litchi in China is located at 19°-24° n, with an annual average temperature of 20-23 ° c, and an average daily temperature of more than 300 days over 10 ° c.

Minus 4℃ is the critical temperature of litchi death, and minus 2℃ is the critical temperature of litchi freezing damage.

2.  Water

The annual precipitation of litchi is above 1200mm.

3.  Lighting

In the case of canopy transmittance, the results of litchi tended to the periphery and top of canopy.

Lychees like sunlight and are in great demand.

4.  Soil

Litchi has a strong adaptability to soil, so it has the best growth results when the soil is loose, breathable, well drained, rich in organic matter (more than 2%) and ph5-5.5.

Cultivation guide

1. Garden cultivation

Litchi garden in the best choice of adequate sunlight, air circulation, deep soil layer, no frost and wind damage.

It is better to plant a single variety in general small orchards (less than 7 hectares);

For large orchards (more than 7 hectares), 2-3 main cultivars with different maturity stages are suitable.

The planting of litchi is usually in spring (February to may) and autumn (September to October).

The planting density is generally 240 plants /667㎡.

2. Soil, fertilizer and water management

1) soil management

We will increase the use of organic fertilizer and do a good job of plowing and weeding.

2) fertilization management

The time of base fertilizer application is before and after fruit harvesting or when the orchard is cleared in winter.

The topdressing fertilizer of litchi can be divided into pre-flowering, post-flowering and post-harvest.

Base fertilizer application amount is large, aging is long.

The depth of organic fertilizer is 40cm, inorganic fertilizer is 20cm.

The recommended amount of fertilizer application is 1500g of nitrogen, 800g of phosphorus and 1500g of potassium.

3) water management

During the development of fruiting branches, water should be irrigated in dry weather to maintain soil moisture content of 60%-80% of the maximum field moisture capacity.

3. Cutting

The sapling shall be reshaped within 2-3 years of planting thickness, and the height of the fixed trunk shall be 30-50cm, leaving 3-5 main branches evenly distributed around.

Litchi tree pruning is divided into spring pruning, summer pruning and winter pruning.

Spring pruning is usually done from march to may, summer pruning is done from July to August, and winter pruning is done from December to February.

Adult trees should be pruned lightly, typically cutting 20% to 30% of the branches.

Pruning objects include cross branches, thin branches, diseased branches and weak branches.

Litchi has many fruits in the first year, few in the second year, and different yield.

The solution is to cultivate strong fruit shoots, remove the shoots that germinate in winter, control water during heading and reduce the amount of flowers.

Lychee is the medium flower of insect and wind pollination.

Cold protection is also the work of canopy management, vulnerable to frost damage areas, choose the sunny side of the garden.

More organic fertilizer can strengthen the trees.

The white height of the trunk is 1-1.2m.

4. Collection and packing

Litchi is best harvested when the peel fades and turns bright red.

Harvesting takes place in the morning.

Packaging generally used cartons, plastic boxes, internal lining plastic film.