• 2022-12-30

Longan Cultivation

Basic information

1. The temperature

Longan is suitable for the annual average temperature of 20-22℃, and the growth is abnormal in the area with the annual average temperature of 17.5 ℃.

Longan requires a relatively low temperature from December to January in winter to facilitate flower bud differentiation.

Higher temperatures are required for flowering, usually between 20 and 27℃.

2. Water

The whole growing season of longan requires adequate moisture with annual precipitation of more than 1000mm.

3. Lighting

Fruit trees need plenty of light, longan is more shade tolerant.

4. Soil

Longan has strong adaptability to soil, and the most suitable pH range of orchard soil is 5.0-6.5.

Cultivation guide

1. Planting

Before planting, sufficient basal fertilizer should be applied, with the planting hole depth of 0.8-1.0cm and diameter of 1.0m.

The planting density is usually 225-300 plants.

2. Soil management

Orchard natural grass cultivation, the annual cut of grass and grass root rot, can increase soil fertility, improve the shape of the soil.

Soil digging and cavitation should be carried out in autumn and winter, and October to November.

Adult longan should be plowed once every 1-2 years, in February or after harvest.

Earthing has the effect of drought resistance and water retention. At the depth of 20cm, the moisture content of the soil should reach 25%.

Young orchards are plowed 3-4 times a year, and mature orchards are plowed 1-2 times a year.

3. Fertilization management

The yield of longan trees is 50-100kg, and the annual fertilizer amount per plant is 0.32-1.96kg of pure nitrogen, 0.21-0.96kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 0.28-0.96kg of potassium oxide.

Fertilization time is from February, April, June to October.

Tree management

The trunk is usually 40-60cm high with 3-5 main branches.

The main branches are evenly distributed, and the implantation Angle is mostly 45° to 70°.

Young trees are pruned to maintain their shape, while adults are pruned to develop fruiting branches.

Techniques to promote fruiting: first, remove some of the spikes before the longan blossoms, and second, cut off some of the spikes after the fruit falls in June.

Winter shoots that have grown can be removed manually to avoid nutrient consumption.

The method to remove the tassels is "the tree leaves less at the top, more at the bottom, less at the outside, more at the inside, and longer and shorter".

The period in which the fruit is removed is after it has fallen and after it has grown.

First cut out the overly dense spikelets, then cut out the longer spikelets.

Longan avoid frost, with straw wrapped trunk or large area of smoke method to prevent frost damage.

4. Harvest

Longan fruits should be harvested when fully ripe.

The fruit is harvested when the shell turns from blue to brown and the flesh from hard to elastic.

The fruits should not be exposed to the sun and harvested on rainy days.